第十一篇 对付颠覆、有组织暴乱、及危害公众之行动与罪行之特别权力与紧急权力

PART XI SPECIAL POWERS AGAINST SUBVERSION, ORGANIZED VIOLENCE, AND ACTS AND CRIMES PREJUDICIAL TO THE PUBLIC AND EMERGENCY POWERS
第十一篇 对付颠覆、有组织暴乱、及危害公众之行动与罪行之特别权力与紧急权力

Article 149. Legislation against subversion, action prejudicial to public order, etc.
第149条 对付颠覆及危害公共秩序之立法

(1) If an Act of Parliament recites that action has been taken or threatened by any substantial body of persons, whether inside or outside the Federation—
(1)如果一项国会法令已详细说明在联合邦境内或境外有相当人人士已采取行动或威胁采取行动—

(a) to cause, or to cause a substantial number of citizens to fear, organized violence against
persons or property; or
(a) 导致、或导致相当多公民恐惧会发生危害人命或财产之有组织暴乱；或

(b) to excite disaffection against the Yang di-Pertuan Agong or any Government in the Federation; or
(b) 煽动对最高元首或联合邦内任何政府不忠：或

(c) to promote feelings of ill-will and hostility between different races or other classes of the population likely to cause violence; or
(c) 助长不同种族或人民中不同阶层之敌意与仇视而可能引起暴乱；或

(d) to procure the alteration, otherwise than by lawful means, of anything by law established; or
(d) 不以合法途径改变依据法律制定之任何事物：或

(e) which is prejudicial to the maintenance or the functioning of any supply or service to the public or any class of the public in the Federation or any part thereof; or
(e) 危害在联合邦或其任何地区为公众人士或任何阶层之公众人士所提供公用事业或服务之维持与操作：或

(f) which is prejudicial to public order in, or the security of, the Federation or any part thereof,
(f) 危害联合邦或其任何地区之社会秩序与安全，

any provision of that law designed to stop or prevent that action is valid notwithstanding that it is inconsistent with any of the provisions of Article 5, 9, 10 or 13, or would apart from this Article be outside the legislative power of Parliament; and Article 79 shall not apply to a Bill for such an Act or any amendment to such a Bill.
该项法律中旨在制止或防范该项行动之任何规定必须有效，即使不符合第5、9、10、或13条任何规定、或者若无本条将属於国会立法权限以外者：而第79条不得施用於制定上述法令之法案或其修订案。

(2) A law containing such a recital as is mentioned in Clause (1) shall, if not sooner repealed, cease to have effect if resolutions are passed by both Houses of Parliament annulling such law, but without prejudice to anything previously done by virtue thereof or to the power of Parliament to make a new law under this Article.
(2) 一项包含第(1)款详列事实之法律，必须--如未提早废除--在国会两院通过议决案撤消该法律时失效：惟下影响先前依据该项法律所作出之任何事，亦不影响国会依据本条制定新法律之权力。


Article 150. Proclamation of emergency
第150条 紧急状态之颁布

(1) If the Yang di-Pertuan Agong is satisfied that a grave emergency exists whereby the security, or the economic life, or public order in the Federation or any part thereof is threatened, he may issue a Proclamation of Emergency making therein a declaration to that effect.
(1) 如果最高元首确认有严重之紧急状态存在，致使联合邦或其任何地区之安全、或经济生活、或公共秩序正受威胁，他可以颁布一项紧急状态并作有关宣布。

(2) A Proclamation of Emergency under Clause (1) may be issued before the actual occurrence of the event which threatens the security, or the economic life, or public order in the Federation or any part thereof if the Yang di-Pertuan Agong is satisfied that there is imminent danger of the occurrence of such event.
(2) 依据第(1)款颁布之紧急状态，可以在该项威胁联合邦或其任何地区之安全、或经济生活、或公共秩序之事件尚未真正发生之前宣布，如果最高元首确认有迫切危险即将发生该事件。

(2A) The power conferred on the Yang di-Pertuan Agong by this Article shall include the power to issue different Proclamations on different grounds or in different circumstances, whether or not there is a Proclamation or Proclamations already issued by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong under Clause (1) and such Proclamation or Proclamations are in operation.
(2A)本条赋予最高元首之权力，必须包括依据不同之理由在不同之情况下作出不同颁布之权力，不论最高元首是否已依据第(1)款作出一项或多项颁布、亦不论该等颁布是否仍在实施。

(2B) If at any time while a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation, except when both Houses of Parliament are sitting concurrently, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong is satisfied that certain circumstances exist which render it necessary for him to take immediate action, he may promulgate such ordinances as
circumstances appear to him to require.
(2B)在紧急状态实施的任何时候，除非国会两院正在同时开会，最高元首如果在任何时候确认某些情况之存在致使他认为有必要立即采取行动，他可以颁布他认为必要之法令。

(2C) An ordinance promulgated under Clause (2B) shall have the same force and effect as an Act of Parliament, and shall continue in full force and effect as if it is an Act of Parliament until it is revoked or annulled under Clause (3) or until it lapses under Clause (7); and the power of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong to promulgate ordinances under Clause (2B) may be exercised in relation to any matter which respect to which Parliament has power to make laws, regardless of the legislative or other procedures required to be followed, or the proportion of the total votes required to be had, in either House of Parliament.
(2C)依据第(2B)款颁布之法令必须具有与国会法令相同之效力与效果，而且必须一如国会法令那样继续生玫，直至依据第(3)款被撒消或依据第(7)款期满为止；最高元首可以依据第(2B)款对国会有权制定法律之任何事务颁布法令，而不理会国会任何一院需要遵照之立法或其他程序、或需要擭得总票数之比例。

(3) A Proclamation of Emergency and any ordinance promulgated under Clause (2B) shall be laid before both Houses of Parliament and, if not sooner revoked, shall cease to have effect if resolutions are passed by both Houses annulling such Proclamation or ordinance, but without prejudice to anything previously done by virtue thereof or to the power of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong to issue a new Proclamation under Clause (1) or promulgate any ordinance under Clause (2B).
(3) 紧急状态之颁布及依据第(2B)款颁布之任何法令，必须向国会两院提出；如未提早废除，必须在国会两院通过议决案撤消该项颁布或法令时失效；惟不影响在此之前依据该项颁布或法令所作之任何事、或最高元首依据第(1)款作出斩的颁布或依据第(2B)款颁布任何法令之权力。

(4) While Proclamation of Emergency is in force the executive authority of the Federation shall, notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, extend to any matter within the legislative authority
of a State and to the giving of directions to the Government of a State or to any officer or authority thereof.
(4) 当颁布的紧急状态实施时，即使本宪法有任何规定，联合邦之行政权必须扩展至州立法权限内之任何事务，及对州政府或属下官员或机关发出训令。

(5) Subject to Clause (6A), while a Proclamation of Emergency is in force, Parliament may, notwithstanding anything in this Constitution make laws with respect to any matter, if it appears
to Parliament that the law is required by reason of the emergency; and Article 79 shall not apply to a Bill for such a law or an amendment to such a Bill, nor shall any provision of this Constitution or of any written law which requires any consent or concurrence to the passing of a law or any consultation with respect thereto, or which restricts the coming into force of a law after it is passed or the presentation of a Bill to the Yang di-Pertuan Agong for his assent.
(5) 在第(6A)款约束下，当颁布的紧急状态实施时，即使本宪法有任何规定，如国会认为基於紧急状态之需要而必须对任何事务制定法律，第79条不得施用於为制定上述法律之法案或其修订案；亦不得施用於本宪法或依据任何成文法中有关通过法律须先获得同意或先行谘询之规定、或法律通过後限制其实施之规定、或法案须提呈最高元首御准之规定。


(6) Subject to Clause (6A), no provision of any ordinance promulgated under this Article, and no provision of any Act of Parliament which is passed while a Proclamation of Emergency is in force and which declares that the law appears to Parliament to be required by reason of the emergency, shall be invalid on the ground of inconsistency with any provision of this Constitution.
(6) 在第(6A)款约束下，依据本条颁布主任何法令，及当颁布的紧急状态实施时，国会基於紧急状态之需要而制定之任何国会法令，不得以不符合本宪法任何规定为理由而失效。

(6A) Clause (5) shall not extend the powers of Parliament with respect to any matter of Islamic law or the custom of the Malays, or with respect to any matter of native law or customs in the State of Sabah or Sarawak; nor shall Clause (6) validate any provision inconsistent with the provisions of this Constitution relating to any such matter or relating to religion, citizenship, or language.
(6A)第(5)款不得将国会权力扩展王回教法律或马来人习俗之任何事务、或涉及沙巴或砂拉越任何一州之土著法或习俗；而第(6)款亦不得使不符合本宪法中有关宗教、公民权、及语文之任何规定有效。

(7) At the expiration of a period of six months beginning with the date on which a Proclamation of Emergency ceases to be in force, any ordinance promulgated in pursuance of the Proclamation and, to the extent that it could not have been validly made but for this Article, any law made while the Proclamation was in force, shall cease to have effect, except as to things done or omitted to
be done before the expiration of that period.
(7) 自紧急状态结东日期起六个月後，在紧急状态下颁布之任何法令、以及在紧急状态实施期间所制定——若非本条不能制定者——之任何法律，必须停止生效：惟在该期限届满前所作出或未作出之事，不在此限。

(8) Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution—
(8) 即使本宪法有任何规定—
(a) the satisfaction of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong mentioned in Clause (1) and Clause (2B) shall be final and conclusive and shall not be challenged or called in question in any court on any ground; and
(a)第(1)及(2B)款中祈述最高元首之确认，必须是最後及终结性而不得以任何理由在任何法院受挑战或质询；
(b) no court shall have jurisdiction to entertain or determine any application, question or proceeding, in whatever form, on any ground, regarding the validity of—
(b)法院无权处理或判决以任何理由及任何方式提出有关下列各项有效性之任何申请、质问、或审讯—
(i) a Proclamation under Clause (1) or of a declaration made in such Proclamation to the effect stated in Clause (1);
(i)依据第(1)款所作之颁布宣布；

(ii) the continued operation of such Proclamation;
(ii)颁布之继续实施；

(iii) any ordinance promulgated under Clause (2B); or
(iii)依据第(2B)款颁布之任何法令：或

(iv) the continuation in force of any such ordinance.
(iv)任何该等法令之继续实效。

(9) For the purpose of this Article the Houses of Parliament shall be regarded as sitting only if the members of each House are respectively assembled together and carrying out the business of
the House.
(9) 为本条目的，当国会每一议院之议员分别集会议事时，方被视为国会两院正在开会。

Article 151. Restrictions on preventive detention
第151条 预防性扣留之限制

(1) Where any law or ordinance made or promulgated in pursuance of this Part provides for preventive detention—
(1) 当依据本篇制定或颁布之任何法律或法令有规定预防性扣留时—

(a) the authority on whose order any person is detained under that law or ordinance shall, as soon as may be, inform him of the grounds for his detention and, subject to Clause (3), the allegations of fact on which the order is based, and shall give him the opportunity of making representations against the order as soon as may be;
(a)依据该顼法律或法令下令扣留任何人士之机关，必须尽速将扣留之理由，及——在第(3)款约束下——该项命令所根据的涉嫌事实通知该人，并得尽速给该人机会针对该项命令陈情；

(b) no citizen shall continue to be detained under that law or ordinance unless an advisory board constituted as mentioned in Clause (2) has considered any representations made by him under paragraph (a) and made recommendations thereon to the Yang di-Pertuan Agong within three months of receiving such representations, or within such longer period as the yang di-Pertuan Agong may allow.
(b)任何公民不得在该项法律或法令下继续受扣留，除非依据第(2)款规定组成之一个谘询局已考虑其依据(a)节提出之陈情，并在收到该项陈情後三个月内、或最高元首所准许之更长期限内，就该项陈情向最高元首提出建议。




(2) An advisory board constituted for the purposes of this Article shall consist of a chairman, who shall be appointed by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong and who shall be or have been, or be qualified to be, a judge of the Federal Court, the Court of Appeal or a High Court, or shall before Malaysia Day have been a judge of the Supreme Court, and two other members who shall be appointed by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong.
(2) 为本条目的而组成之谘询局，必须包括一名主席及两名成员。主席必须由最高元首委任，其人选必须为现任或曾任或有资格出任联邦法院、上诉庭或高等法院法官的人士、或在「马来西亚日」前曾任最高法院法官的人士：另两名成员必须由最高元首委任。

(3) This Article does not require any authority to disclose facts whose disclosure would in its opinion be against the national interest.
(3) 本条不规定任何机关必须披露其认为会危害国家利益之事项。